Aviation System Design I & II — Syllabus

Draft — subject to revision at the start of each academic year.

Course Identity

Course Aviation System Design I & II (capstone design)
Credits 6 in total: 3 credits per semester, taken in sequence over one academic year
Format Group design project with weekly studio sessions and design reviews
Prerequisites Aerodynamics, Flight Mechanics, Aircraft Structures, Propulsion (or concurrent enrolment by consent)
Alignment AIAA Aircraft Design Competition — the class responds to the current year’s Request for Proposal (RFP)

Course Description

Aviation System Design is the two-semester capstone of the Aviation Engineering programme. Working in teams, students answer a real Request for Proposal by carrying an aircraft from a blank sheet through the two initial phases of the design process:

The year ends with a competition-grade design report submitted to the AIAA competition and defended before a review panel.

Learning Outcomes

On completing the two-course sequence, students are able to:

  1. Translate a customer RFP into quantitative design requirements and objectives, supported by market and benchmarking analysis.
  2. Generate several credible competing concepts, perform initial sizing — weight estimation, constraint analysis, and configuration trade studies — and defend a concept down-selection.
  3. Design and analyse the major subsystems of an aircraft (aerodynamics, structures, propulsion, landing gear, cockpit and avionics, aircraft systems, mission and payload systems) at conceptual-design fidelity.
  4. Verify a design against requirements through stability and control analysis, performance prediction, and cost estimation, and document compliance to the RFP.
  5. Work effectively in an engineering team — planning, configuration control, interface management between subsystems — and communicate the design in professional reports and reviews.

Team Organisation

Students work in one or more teams of at most 10 members (per AIAA competition rules). Each team appoints a chief engineer (system integration, schedule, configuration control) and subsystem leads; every student owns at least one technical chapter of the final report.

The subsystem work runs in parallel, not in sequence: once the baseline is set, the aerodynamics, structures, propulsion, systems, and stability engineers all work concurrently on their disciplines. Each weekly studio session therefore follows a fixed format: a short topical briefing by the instructor, followed by scheduled progress reports from the respective engineers, with interface conflicts between subsystems resolved on the spot and decisions recorded in the shared design logbook.

Semester I — Preliminary Sizing

The outlines below list the theme of each week’s briefing and the milestone reviews — they are not a serial workflow. Subsystem work proceeds in parallel throughout, and every weekly session includes progress reports from the responsible engineers. The detailed schedule is finalised at the start of each semester.

# Topic / Activity
1 Introduction: the aircraft design process; reading the year’s RFP
2 Team formation; work-breakdown structure and design logbook
3 Market analysis: market condition, demand projections, competitive landscape, forecast
4 Comparative / benchmarking study of reference aircraft
5 Design requirements and objectives (DR&O)
6 Initial weight estimation (mission fuel fractions, empty-weight trends)
7 Constraint analysis: wing loading and thrust/power loading
8 Mid-semester design review — requirements and sizing baseline
9 Concept generation: 3–4 competing configurations (fuselage, wing placement, tail arrangement)
10 Propulsion system selection and rubber-engine sizing
11 Concept evaluation: trade matrix and down-selection
12 Refined sizing of the selected concept; initial three-view
13 Report integration and internal review
14 Preliminary Design Review (PDR) — presentation and report submission

Semester II — Conceptual Design

# Topic / Activity
1 PDR action items; freezing the baseline configuration
2 Aerodynamics I: airfoil selection, wing design, high-lift devices
3 Aerodynamics II: drag buildup and drag polar, fuselage aerodynamics
4 Structures I: load cases, V–n diagram, material selection
5 Structures II: structural arrangement; internal volume — fuel tanks, payload accommodation
6 Refined weight estimation and centre-of-gravity envelope
7 Propulsion integration (engine selection, inlet/nacelle); landing gear: geometry, tires, shock absorbers, retraction
8 Mid-semester design review — subsystem status and interface issues
9 Cockpit and avionics: cockpit and seat arrangement, crew visibility, avionics integration
10 Aircraft systems: hydraulics, electrical, environmental, emergency; mission-specific systems (e.g. firefighting system, cargo loading — per the RFP)
11 Stability and control: empennage and control-surface sizing, trim, stability derivatives, handling qualities
12 Performance: mission profiles, payload–range, airfield performance, service ceiling
13 Cost analysis (life-cycle, production, and operating costs); RFP compliance matrix
14 Critical Design Review (CDR) — final defence; report submission to the competition

Deliverables and Assessment

Provisional weighting — confirmed in the first week of each semester.

Component Semester I Semester II
Weekly progress reports, design logbook, peer assessment 15% 15%
Mid-semester design review (presentation) 20% 20%
Final design review (PDR / CDR presentation) 25% 25%
Written report (team, with individually-attributed chapters) 40% 40%

Team marks are moderated by individual contribution, assessed through the weekly progress reports, the logbook, chapter ownership, and peer evaluation.

Main References

Past IULI reports illustrate the expected scope and depth of the final deliverable: the 2021–2022 firefighting aircraft report and the 2023–2024 heavy-lift transport report (4th place of 38 teams). Standard texts for the design phases:

Gudmundsson, S. (2022). General aviation aircraft design: Applied methods and procedures. Butterworth-Heinemann. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2018-0-03861-X
Raymer, D. P. (2018). Aircraft design: A conceptual approach. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. https://doi.org/10.2514/4.104909
Carichner, G. E., & Nicolai, L. M. (2013). Fundamentals of Aircraft and Airship Design: Volume 2—Airship Design and Case Studies. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. https://doi.org/10.2514/4.868986
Sadraey, M. H. (2012). Aircraft design: A systems engineering approach. John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118352700
Nicolai, L. M., & Carichner, G. E. (2010). Fundamentals of Aircraft and Airship Design: Volume IAircraft Design. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. https://doi.org/10.2514/4.867538
Roskam, J. (2002). Airplane design. DARcorporation.
Torenbeek, E. (1982). Synthesis of subsonic airplane design: An introduction to the preliminary design, of subsonic general aviation and transport aircraft, with emphasis on layout, aerodynamic design, propulsion, and performance. Delft University Press ; Nijhoff ; Sold and distributed in the U.S. and Canada by Kluwer Boston. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3202-4